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System Zoo Z302 - Global carbon circulation from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

By photosynthesis and decomposition of organic matter (stand litter and humus) and by respiration of plants and animals large amounts of carbon dioxide are constantly being removed from and returned to the atmosphere. These gigantic C02 flowswere in equilibrium over millions of years. Annual C02 gains and losses of the atmosphere balanced rather exactly, so that the atmospheric C02 level hardly changed. Since the beginning of industrialization this dynamic equilibrium between the reservoirs of atmosphere and (living and dead) biomass has been disturbed by the burningof fossil fuels and the deforestation of large areas. Every year more C02 now reaches the atmosphere than is taken out by photosynthesis. This leads to an increasing fraction of the greenhouse gas C02 in the atmosphere a major cause of gradual temperature increase and of climate change.

Bossel: Z302 - Global carbon circulation

Alfred Aenishaenslin

System Zoo Z104: Exponential delay from System Zoo 1 by Hartmut Bossel

Clone of System Zoo Z104: Exponential delay

Kyra Evers

Based on H. Bossel, System Zoo 1, P. 80 ff

Z201 Rotating Pendulum

Rudolf Siebenhofer

System Zoo Z302 - Global carbon circulation from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

By photosynthesis and decomposition of organic matter (stand litter and humus) and by respiration of plants and animals large amounts of carbon dioxide are constantly being removed from and returned to the atmosphere. These gigantic C02 flowswere in equilibrium over millions of years. Annual C02 gains and losses of the atmosphere balanced rather exactly, so that the atmospheric C02 level hardly changed. Since the beginning of industrialization this dynamic equilibrium between the reservoirs of atmosphere and (living and dead) biomass has been disturbed by the burningof fossil fuels and the deforestation of large areas. Every year more C02 now reaches the atmosphere than is taken out by photosynthesis. This leads to an increasing fraction of the greenhouse gas C02 in the atmosphere a major cause of gradual temperature increase and of climate change.

Clone of REM 221 Case Study for Z302 - Global carbon circulation

Emma F

9

An exploration of interactions among 'fuzzy' qualitative concepts that interact to produce either tolerance or violent conflict. Z509 p43-49 System Zoo 3 by Hartmut Bossel.

Clone of Aggression

vasudeva rao

System Zoo Z415 Resource extraction and recycling from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

Smaller initial stock, bigger demand, and lower depletion of a nonrenewable resource.

For some important resources the almost nent within the next few decades. Estimates not be based on current consumption rate must account for the probable increase of tion of' "dynamic life time", which can be share will accelerate the

exhaustion of stocks is immi- "life time" of resources must a "static" life time index) but rate. This leads to the calcula-shorter than the static life time. Calculation of static and dynamic life time can at best serve to determine the bounds of actual life time of a resource. As a resource becomes scarce, its consump- tion must approach zero thus lengthening the calculated life time. The relative amount of remaining resources, i.e. scarcity, will therefore determine the development of the consumption rate. If material is recycled, it is important to know how quickly a product is scrapped and material is returned to the production process. A model de-scribing the dynamics of nonrenewable resource use must account for these processes.

Clone of REM 221 - Z415 Resource extraction and recycling

Phoenix Pham

System Zoo Z409 Fishery dynamics from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

Fishing is a classic example for use of a renewable resource. Unless overfished, fish populations If is hardly by fishing, then the fish population will persist at a constant size corresponding to its specific ecological envi ronment If the stock is overfished, the juvenile generation becomes too small to fully replace the adult generation. If overfishing continues. the population cannot recover and will collapse in short time. Even if fish catch stops now/, it could take decades until the fish population recovers to its original size if it hasn't become extinct meanwhile. In many of the world overtlshing has led, and still leads, to the complete collapse of formerly huge tlsh populations: herring in the North Sea, codtlsh in the Northern Atlantic. tuna, whales to name only a few. With the collapse of fish stocks came the collapse of the t1shing industry in many regions. Employment and

incomes disappeared: whole regions (like Newfoundland) lost their economic base.

Clone of REM 221 - Z409 Fishery dynamics

Lucie Kluwe

3

Adapted from Hartmut Bossel's "System Zoo 3 Simulation Models, Economy, Society, Development."

Population model where the population is summarized in four age groups (children, parents, older people, old people). Used as a base population model for dealing with issues such as employment, care for the elderly, pensions dynamics, etc.

Clone of Clone of Z602 Population with four age groups

Bechara Assouad

An exploration of interactions among 'fuzzy' qualitative concepts that interact to produce either tolerance or violent conflict. Z509 p43-49 System Zoo 3 by Hartmut Bossel.

Clone of Aggression

vasudeva rao

An exploration of interactions among 'fuzzy' qualitative concepts that interact to produce either tolerance or violent conflict. Z509 p43-49 System Zoo 3 by Hartmut Bossel.

Clone of Aggression

Aishwarya Bagavathiappan

An exploration of interactions among 'fuzzy' qualitative concepts that interact to produce either tolerance or violent conflict. Z509 p43-49 System Zoo 3 by Hartmut Bossel.

Clone of Aggression

vasudeva rao

Insight Maker model based on the Z415 System Zoo model originally developed in Vensim.

Clone of System Zoo Z415 Resource Extraction and Recycling

Kyra Evers

System Zoo Z412 Tourism Dynamics from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

Clone of REM 221 - Z412 Tourism Dynamics

Putri AyuS

System Zoo Z412 Tourism Dynamics from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

Clone of REM 221 - Z412 Tourism Dynamics

Putri AyuS

Adapted from Hartmut Bossel's "System Zoo 3 Simulation Models, Economy, Society, Development."

Population model where the population is summarized in four age groups (children, parents, older people, old people). Used as a base population model for dealing with issues such as employment, care for the elderly, pensions dynamics, etc.

Clone of Z602 Population with four age groups

Tatiana Costache

System Zoo Z418 - Sustainable Use of a renewable resource from Hartmut Bossel (2007) System Zoo 2 Simulation Models. Climate, Ecosystems, Resources

Clone of REM 221 - Z418 - Sustainable Use of a renewable resource

Yunhuai Cao

Presents the Z107 infection dynamics model from the Elementary Systems series in System Zoo 1. Adapted from Hartmut Bossel's "System Zoo 1 Simulation Models, Elementary Systems, Physics, Engineering".

Z107 Infection Dynamics