Este modelo presenta una modificación del proyecto 0409: Daisyworld, la cual consiste en agregar una especie gris de margaritas que compita con las otras dos especies por el espacio en el suelo.
Este modelo presenta una modificación del proyecto 0409: Daisyworld, la cual consiste en agregar una especie gris de margaritas que compita con las otras dos especies por el espacio en el suelo.

Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Simulation of a chemostat bioreactor.  X = microbiological mass S = substrate concentration D = dilution rate Y = yield of microbiological massfrom a unit of substrate mu = maximum growth rate Ks = Michaelis-Menten-constant
Simulation of a chemostat bioreactor.

X = microbiological mass
S = substrate concentration
D = dilution rate
Y = yield of microbiological massfrom a unit of substrate
mu = maximum growth rate
Ks = Michaelis-Menten-constant
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
We
 extended Daisyworld to evaluate the effects of sympatric speciation on 
regulation. Sympatric speciation occurs when organisms are segregated 
from each other by functional, rather than spatial, constraints. The 
dynamical model contains five potential species: gray, light gray, dark 
gray, blac
We extended Daisyworld to evaluate the effects of sympatric speciation on regulation. Sympatric speciation occurs when organisms are segregated from each other by functional, rather than spatial, constraints. The dynamical model contains five potential species: gray, light gray, dark gray, black and white daisies, whose phenotypes differ only in their albedo.

Initially the model contains only gray daisies. Mutation of gray daisies leads to new daisy types. These new types can interbreed with their genetic neighbors or mutate even further. These mutations ultimately lead to black or white daisies.  When two types are functionally different enough they cannot interbreed and we consider them separate species.

Instructions:

You can change the 'Spread' of albedo between the different daisy types centered at the albedo of the gray daisies and in symmetric shades.

'gamma' is the general death rate for all daisies.

The 'Flow' defines the percentage of the actual population which mutates.

'q' defines the spatial distribution of thermal energy between the dasies.

'Base' is the optimal temperature of the general daisy.

'mu' is the probability of a mutation event.

Our model contains two possible luminosity scenarios. One relates to the increasing luminosity of the original Daisyworld. There is a second scenario implemented, which simulates different pertubations over a normally constant luminosity. To change between the scenarios simply reconnect the 'Absorbed Luminosity' variable with one of the container 'L'. Both scenarios are depicted in the diagram, so no changes are neccessary.

Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
This is a very general model of two interacting species which describes a wide variety of different kinds of interaction, for example: cooperation, symbiosis, competition or predation.  Note that  in systems biology the word 'species'
can mean species of organism, species of chemical or 
species of
This is a very general model of two interacting species which describes a wide variety of different kinds of interaction, for example: cooperation, symbiosis, competition or predation.

Note that in systems biology the word 'species' can mean species of organism, species of chemical or species of cell. Similarly, 'interaction' can mean chemical interaction, genetic interaction or phenotypic interaction. We are talking here about very general kinds of system.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.