Simulation of a chemostat bioreactor.  X = microbiological mass S = substrate concentration D = dilution rate Y = yield of microbiological massfrom a unit of substrate mu = maximum growth rate Ks = Michaelis-Menten-constant
Simulation of a chemostat bioreactor.

X = microbiological mass
S = substrate concentration
D = dilution rate
Y = yield of microbiological massfrom a unit of substrate
mu = maximum growth rate
Ks = Michaelis-Menten-constant
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
Este modelo presenta una modificación del proyecto 0409: Daisyworld, la cual consiste en agregar una especie gris de margaritas que compita con las otras dos especies por el espacio en el suelo.
Este modelo presenta una modificación del proyecto 0409: Daisyworld, la cual consiste en agregar una especie gris de margaritas que compita con las otras dos especies por el espacio en el suelo.

Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.

Based on 0409-Daisyworld
Insight Original Author: Niall Palfreyman
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
A damped, driven pendulum. The combination of damping and driving provokes a minimal case of chaos. The system is not in itself biological, however its chaotic behaviour arises from competing oscillatory influences - a situation which plays a role in many biological systems.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).  Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.  This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate int
Darwinian Daisyworld model from and Watson & Lovelock (1983), Robertson & Robinson (1998) and Lenton & Lovelock (2001).

Units of time are 40 Myr, giving R&R's span of 10 Gyr.

This model offers many opportunities for modification. Maybe the Black and White populations can mutate into each other? The role of q as a measure of segregation of the B and W populations is interesting, and while this model uses purely stigmergic communication between species, direct interaction would also be possible.
This is an example of how to model populations involving recombination and mutation. The Hardy-Weinberg Law gives us the effects of recombination, and mutation is represented by a flux between alleles.  Possible extensions: Build in differential fitness of the three genotypes, have them differential
This is an example of how to model populations involving recombination and mutation. The Hardy-Weinberg Law gives us the effects of recombination, and mutation is represented by a flux between alleles.

Possible extensions: Build in differential fitness of the three genotypes, have them differentially interact with an external environment, or have them interact with each other. (There is already an interaction term in the three 'die' flows.)