A simple SI (Susceptible-Infectious) model that captures the dynamics of COVID-19.
A simple SI (Susceptible-Infectious) model that captures the dynamics of COVID-19.
Model di samping adalah model SEIR yang telah dimodifikasi sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menyimulasikan perkembangan penyebaran COVID-19.
Model di samping adalah model SEIR yang telah dimodifikasi sehingga dapat digunakan untuk menyimulasikan perkembangan penyebaran COVID-19.
 Here we have a basic SEIR model and we will investigate what changes would be appropriate for modelling the 2019 Coronavirus.  We add simple containment meassures that affect two paramenters, the Susceptible population and the rate to become infected.  The initial parametrization is based on the su

Here we have a basic SEIR model and we will investigate what changes would be appropriate for modelling the 2019 Coronavirus.

We add simple containment meassures that affect two paramenters, the Susceptible population and the rate to become infected.

The initial parametrization is based on the suggested current data. The initial population is set for Catalonia.

The questions that we want to answer in this kind of models are not the shape of the curves, that are almost known from the beginning, but, when this happens, and the amplitude of the shapes. This is crucial, since in the current circumstance implies the collapse of certain resources, not only healthcare.

The validation process hence becomes critical, and allows to estimate the different parameters of the model from the data we obtain. This simulation approach allows to obtain somethings that is crucial to make decisions, the causality. We can infer this from the assumptions that are implicit on the model, and from it we can make decisions to improve the system behavior.

Yes, simulation works with causality and Flows diagrams is one of the techniques we have to draw it graphically, but is not the only one. On https://sdlps.com/projects/documentation/1009 you can review soon the same model but represented in Specification and Description Language.

  This model aims to show that how Tasmania government's Covid-19 policy can address the spread of the pandemic and in what way these policy can damage the economy.     This model assumes that if the COVID-19 cases are more than 10, the government will take action such as quarantine and lockdown at
This model aims to show that how Tasmania government's Covid-19 policy can address the spread of the pandemic and in what way these policy can damage the economy.

This model assumes that if the COVID-19 cases are more than 10, the government will take action such as quarantine and lockdown at the area. These policy can indirectly affect the local economy in many different way. At the same time, strict policy may be essential for combating Covid-19.

From the simulation of the model, we can clearly see that the economy of Burine will be steady increase when government successfully reduces the COVID-19 cased and make it spreading slower.

Interesting finding: In this pandemic, the testing rate and the recovery rate are important to stop Covid-19 spreading. Once the cases of Covid-19 less than 10, the government might stop intervention and the economy of Burnie will back to normal.

 The Covid-19 pandemic has introduced a variety of novel and intense difficulties, from dealing with the production network for individual defensive gear (PPE) to changing labor force ability to adapting to monetary misfortune. Amidst these difficulties lies a chance for medical services pioneers to
The Covid-19 pandemic has introduced a variety of novel and intense difficulties, from dealing with the production network for individual defensive gear (PPE) to changing labor force ability to adapting to monetary misfortune. Amidst these difficulties lies a chance for medical services pioneers to more readily position and change their associations for an eventual fate of unusual amazement. To oversee limit, monetary misfortune, and care overhaul, medical services associations have settled on the basic choice to deliver or lessen labor force or to move numerous representatives to far off work, incorporating clinicians working with telehealth advances. (www.catalyst.nejm.org)


Reference:
Begun, J.W. PhD, Jiang, J.H, PhD,. (2020, October 9). NEJM Catalyst/Innovations in Care Delivery. Health Care Management During Covid-19: Insights from Complexity Science. Retrieved from https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/CAT.20.0505

 ​Tugas 3 Pemodelan Transportasi Laut         STUDI KASUS :  Simulasi Penyebaran  Virus Corona  atau  COVID-19  di Indonesia dengan aplikasi Insight Maker
​Tugas 3 Pemodelan Transportasi Laut 
 
STUDI KASUS : Simulasi Penyebaran Virus Corona atau COVID-19 di Indonesia dengan aplikasi Insight Maker
 This insight began as a March 22nd Clone of "Italian COVID 19 outbreak control"; thanks to  Gabo HN  for the original insight. The following links are theirs:      Initial data from:  Italian data [ link ] (Mar 4)  Incubation estimation [ link ]        Andy Long   Northern Kentucky University  May

Initial data from:
Italian data [link] (Mar 4)
Incubation estimation [link]

Northern Kentucky University
May 2nd, 2020

This is an update of our model from April 9th, 2020. As we prepare for our final exam, I read a story in The Guardian about Italy's struggle to return to normalcy. The final paragraphs:

During the debate in the Senate on Thursday, the opposition parties grilled Conte. Ex-prime minister Matteo Renzi, who has called for less restraint in the reopening, remarked, “The people in Bergamo and Brescia who are gone, those who died of the virus, if they could speak, they’d tell us to relaunch the country for them, in their honour.”

Renzi’s controversial statement was harshly criticised by doctors who warned that the spread of the disease, which, as of Thursday, had killed almost 30,000 people in the country and infected more than 205,000 [ael: my emphasis], was not over and that a misstep could take the entire country back to mid-March coronavirus levels.

“We risk a new wave of infections and outbreaks if we’re not careful,” said Tullio Prestileo, an infectious diseases specialist at Palermo’s Benefratelli Hospital. “If we don’t realise this, we could easily find ourselves back where we started. In that case, we may not have the strength to get back up again.”

I have since updated the dataset, to include total cases from February 24th to May 2nd. I went to Harvard's Covid-19 website for Italy  and and then to their daily updates, available at github. I downloaded the regional csv file for May 2nd,  which had regional totals (21 regions); I grabbed the column "totale_casi" and did some processing to get the daily totals from the 24th of February to the 2nd of May.

The cases I obtained in this way matched those used by Gabo HN.

The initial data they used started on March 3rd (that's the 0 point in this Insight).

You can get a good fit to the data through April 9th by choosing the following (and notice that I've short-circuited the process from the Infectious to the Dead and Recovered). I've also added the Infectious to the Total cases.

The question is: how well did we do at modeling this epidemic through May 2nd (day 60)? And how can we change the model to do a better job of capturing the outbreak from March 3rd until May 2nd?

Incubation Rate:  .025
R0: 3
First Lockdown: IfThenElse(Days() == 5, 16000000, 0)
Total Lockdown: IfThenElse(Days() >= 7, 0.7,0)

(I didn't want to assume that the "Total Lockdown" wasn't leaky! So it gets successively tighter, but people are sloppy, so it simply goes to 0 exponentially, rather than completely all at once.)

deathrate: .01
recoveryrate: .03

"Death flow": [deathrate]*[Infectious]
"Recovery flow": [recoveryrate]*[Infectious]

Total Reported Cases: [Dead]+[Surviving / Survived]+[Infectious]

Based on my student Sean's work, I altered the death rate to introduce the notion that doctors are getting better at saving lives:
[deathrate] = 0.02/(.0022*Days()^1.8+1)
I don't agree with this model of the death rate, but it was a start motivated by his work. Thanks Sean!:)

Resources:
  * Recent news: "Since the early days of the outbreak in China, scientists have known that SARS-CoV-2 is unusually contagious — more so than influenza or a typical cold virus. Scientific estimates of the reproduction number — the R0, which is the number of new infections that each infected person generates on average — have varied among different communities and different points but have generally been between 2 and 4. That is significantly higher than seasonal influenza."
Model based on several references: 1. https://insightmaker.com/insight/4iVOp2JcrDSTBvqjER7pxM/TA-Pemsim-SEIR-Covid-19-Model 2. https://insightmaker.com/insight/5GiU0WZLpKCLGOoe6xeIhT/SEIR-COVID-19-New-Kl-1 3. https://insightmaker.com/insight/DaOeZ0N9RcgU1Q87ofIj8/COVID-19-SEIR-Model-for-Indonesia  L
Model based on several references:
1. https://insightmaker.com/insight/4iVOp2JcrDSTBvqjER7pxM/TA-Pemsim-SEIR-Covid-19-Model
2. https://insightmaker.com/insight/5GiU0WZLpKCLGOoe6xeIhT/SEIR-COVID-19-New-Kl-1
3. https://insightmaker.com/insight/DaOeZ0N9RcgU1Q87ofIj8/COVID-19-SEIR-Model-for-Indonesia

Locus set on Indonesia, during 2021
 Introduction:  This model aims to show that how the Tasmania government's COVID-19 policy can address the spread of the pandemic and in what way these policies can damage the economy.        Assumption:    Variables such as infection rate, death rate and the recovery rate are influenced by the actu
Introduction:
This model aims to show that how the Tasmania government's COVID-19 policy can address the spread of the pandemic and in what way these policies can damage the economy.

Assumption:
Variables such as infection rate, death rate and the recovery rate are influenced by the actual situation.
The government will implement stricter travel bans and social distant policies as there are more cases.
Government policies reduce infection and limit economic growth at the same time.
A greater number of COVID-19 cases has a negative effect on the economy.

Interesting insights:
A higher testing rate will make the infection increase and the infection rate will slightly increase as well. 
Government policies are effective to lower the infection, however, they will damage the local economy. While the higher number of COVID-19 cases also influences economic activities.
Very basic LV model, looking at the relationship between COVID-19 mitigation behavior and COVID-19 cases
Very basic LV model, looking at the relationship between COVID-19 mitigation behavior and COVID-19 cases
  Explanation:    Explanation:  This model presents the COVID-19 outbreak in Burnie and how the government reacts to it. Moreover, the model also illustrates how the economy in Burnie is impacted by the pandemic. The possible stages of residents when the infectious disease spreads in Burnie can be c
Explanation:
Explanation:
This model presents the COVID-19 outbreak in Burnie and how the government reacts to it. Moreover, the model also illustrates how the economy in Burnie is impacted by the pandemic. The possible stages of residents when the infectious disease spreads in Burnie can be concluded as Susceptible, Infection and Recovery, which are used as the main data in this model. However, the improvement of decreasing of reported infection rates of this infectious disease and increasing of recovery rates are contributed by the implementation of the Government Health Policy. 

Assumption
The decrease of both infection rate and economic growth are all influenced by the Government Health Policy simultaneously. The Government Health Policy is only triggered when there are 10 cases reported. However, the increase in reporting COVID-19 cases affects economic growth negatively. 

Interesting Insights:
There are two interesting insights that have been revealed from the simulation. First, the death rate continuously increased even though the infection rate goes down. However, the increase in testing rates contributed to the stability of the death rate towards the end of the week. Moreover, higher testing rates also trigger faster government intervention, which can reduce infectious cases.  Second, as the Government Health Policy limited the chance of going out and shopping, the economic growth is negative due to the higher cases. 

A simple Susceptible - Infected - Recovered disease model.
A simple Susceptible - Infected - Recovered disease model.