Part 2 of Lab 1

WIP  based on Where profits come from paper , Nathan Tankus blog and other historical sources

Summary of UNEP ecosystems services CBA 2011 article by Wegner and Pascual

Economic capital growth in a system constrained by a non-renewable resource, Figure 37 from Thinking in Systems by Donella H. Meadows

Modern industrial civilisation has created massive interdependencies which define it and without which it could not function. We all depend on industrial farming to produce the food we eat, we depend on gasoline being available at the gas station,  on the availability of electricity and even on the bread supplied by the local baker. Naturally, we tend to support the institutions that supply the amenities and goods to which we have become accustomed: if we get our food from the local supermarket, it is likely that we would be opposed to it’s closure. This means that the economic system that relies on continuous growth enjoys implicit societal support and that nothing short of environmental disaster or a shortage of essential raw materials will impede it’s growing indefinitely. It is not hard to work out the consequences of this situation!

Ocean/atmosphere/biosphere model tuned for interactive economics-based simulations from Y2k on.

A sample model for class discussion modeling COVID-19 outbreaks and responses from government with the effect on the local economy.  Govt policy is dependent on reported COVID-19 cases, which in turn depend on testing rates less those who recover

Clusters of interacting methods for improving health services network design and delivery. Includes Forrester quotes on statistical vs SD methods and the Modeller's dilemma. Simplified version of IM-14982 combined with IM-17598 and IM-9773

The purpose of this model intends to supply common methods of measuring a population in a formal structure or known delivery model (as is). 


WICKED - student in an experienced based project
Ideally, a new education offer where students can model their community needs based on the population grouped in age appropriate sectors. 

Various needs are currently aggregated by these groups and therefore mapping the current offer to the new offers might be done by creating the vector or variables on either side of the stock and flow link. 

The model can best show the way a zip code maps the specific values into a city, county, state or nation. 

• How many people are located in Geographical Information Systems? 
• How many people are located in a zip code? 

The insight maker tool offers a host of simulation methods or adding in the details about the population allows the modeler an opportunity to simulate proposed changes.  

If we assume the stock and flow diagram is staged by any high school student in advanced courses, community college, university student or professional development program. Ideally, credits and nominal wages are paid to increase the economic development of those with the greatest need. 

Supporting the community wellness to happiness can be measured based on

Using a simulation model with generic variables enables others who adopt the model to expand upon the generic for local preferences with the assumption that the definitions are not altered at the generic layer.  

The outputs from the models must be retained for ongoing use as a national input (international if agreements can be attained) for the social responsibility metric and gauge of equal balance within the education systems.  

Those with the greatest need can be identified by the population density by zip code as done in 1998 in Escutia legislation for California.  

Zip Codes are static-population density by various variables are dynamic by Nation, State, County, City and school. 

Modeling the formal to informal education model in an open system modeling tool. 

Policy decisions which enable state or national networks of schools that work are an option for transforming schools.
Rocket ship education reached a landmark decision to open 20 new charter schools over a 3 year period. 

• In cases where a district spans more than one district or city we must adopt the county metric.  

integratrated solar  energy  economics  for  northeast brazil depend   consultant engs

On the occasion of th G20-meeting in Toronto, the German Economics minister Herr Schaüble said that without restoring confidence it would not be possible to get consumer spending and business investment going. Similar remarks were made by David Cameron and Señor Zapatero of Spain. All maintain that confidence is a pre-requisite to get growth going and that, therefore, it was imperative to reduce fiscal deficits. Reducing the fiscal deficit will restore confidence at first. However, reducing the deficit very quickly will introduce a dynamic that may cause the economy to decline - and perhaps depress  consumers demand even further.  It will actually destroy confidence: few businesses are inclined to invest in a shrinking economy. Cutting the deficit too rapidly or too steeply can lead to a confidence trap.

NOTE: A big experiment is now taking place in the UK - the government has cut public spending severely! Will this lead to hardship and, perhaps, social unrest? 

The upper diagram shows the principal factors that have an influence on the budget deficit and indicates what needs to be done to correct it. But this is not the full story. The diagram below shows that  cutting public expenditure reduces aggregate demand and  increases unemployment. The reduction of aggregate demand  reduces  economic activity which has the effect of reducing  tax revenue.  In addition, the state has to pay out funds as there is a need for more unemployment benefit payments.   The result of these austerity measures  is often the opposite of their intended purpose: they can increase rather than decrease the budget deficit.

There is plenty of empiric evidence to show that this has happened time and time again. For instance, a report from UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) found that between 1990 and 2000 in all the  cases examined where cutbacks in public spending and tax increases were used, the fiscal situation did not only not improve but worsened. Despite such repeated evidence, unfortunately calls for  austerity measures continue to be heard. 

This model is based off Meadows economic capital with reinforcing growth loop constrained by a renewable resource model.

Simulating Hyperinflation for 3650 days.

If private bond holdings are going down and the government is running a big deficit then the central bank has to monetize bonds equal to the deficit plus the decrease in private bond holdings.  We don't show the details of the central bank buying bonds here, just the net results.

See blog at http://howfiatdies.blogspot.com for more on hyperinflation, including a hyperinflation FAQ.

Ocean/atmosphere/biosphere model tuned for interactive economics-based simulations from Y2k on.

Circular equations WIP for Runy.