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This is Figure 5 from Lancastle, N. (2012) 'Circuit Theory Extended: The Role of Speculation in Crises' based on Keen, S. (2010). Solving the Paradox of Monetary Profits.

http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/journalarticles/2012-34

Households are given a direct, monetary boost. Higher spending leads to greater investment in production, and a rise in total spending.

Household Bailouts

Neil Lancastle

An initial study of the economics of single use coffee pods.

3 variables-- ORIGINAL Coffee Pods ISD Humanities v 1.02

Sophie Dugre

This model shows the operation of a simple economy. It demonstrates the effect of changes in the fractional rate of consumption (or the converse, the fractional rate of saving.) It also, unlike Models 2 & 3, shows the influence Savings has on the production rate.

In summary, lower rates of consumption (based on production) result in higher rates of both production and consumption in the long-run.

Simple Economy: Model 4

Jim Berger

4

Cutbacks can have a counterintuitive effect. The government knows precisely how much it custs in spending. However, it cannot know the extent to which tax revenues shrink in a non-linear complex economic system as the economy contracts. In addition, the treasury has to spend more as automatic stabilizers activate and payments are made to an increasing number of unemployed workers. The effect of this is that initially the deficit shrinks, but later it rises as tax revenues fall short of expectations and more spending takes place. The ironic part is that often the very indicator that promted austerity measurs, the defcit to GDP ratio, becomes worse than it was at the outset. We could observe this in Spain and Portugal where planned deficits have been repeatedly missed, as austerity measures (fiscal cutbacks) were introduced to deal with the effects of the 2008 financial crisis.

CUTBACKS OFTEN MAKE FISCAL DEFICITS WORSE

Hanns-Jürgen Hodann

Map of Geoffrey M Hodgson's 2015 Conceptualizing Capitalism book summary pdf with other ideologies added sept 2021 from new politics website

Capitalism and Ideologies

Geoff McDonnell

3

This is Figure 4 from Lancastle, N. (2012) 'Circuit Theory Extended: The Role of Speculation in Crises' based on Keen, S. (2010). Solving the Paradox of Monetary Profits.

http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/journalarticles/2012-34

If banks run down their reserves but there is a policy to maintain wages, the model shows a decline in household spending and an increase in bank spending: austerity and inequality followed by a partial recovery.

Austerity and Inequality

Neil Lancastle

climate change

jieyi zhang

This is a variation on Figure 4 from Lancastle, N. (2012) 'Circuit Theory Extended: The Role of Speculation in Crises' based on Keen, S. (2010). Solving the Paradox of Monetary Profits.

http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/journalarticles/2012-34

If banks run down their reserves but there is no policy to maintain wages, the model shows a decline in total spending: severe austerity.

Severe Austerity

Neil Lancastle

Grad Project Exhibition

Olivia Veltri

Model

Victor Wong

This is Figure 3 from Lancastle, N. (2012) 'Circuit Theory Extended: The Role of Speculation in Crises' based on Keen, S. (2010). Solving the Paradox of Monetary Profits.

http://www.economics-ejournal.org/economics/journalarticles/2012-34

If banks maintain their reserves and there is no wage policy, the model suggests that a bailout has no impact on total spending.

Bank Bailouts

Neil Lancastle

Challenge p.212 Business Dynamics, Sterman

Oil Shortage 1979 Iran Revolution

Roland Kofler

3

A simple implementation of a Dynamic ISLM model as proposed by Blanchard (1981), and taken from An introduction to economic Dynamics - Shone (1997) - chapter 5. This model might serve as a framework to evaluate economic policies over GDP growth.

Dynamic ISLM Model

Fernando Fernandes Neto

Overview of Part E Ch 20 to 24 of Mitchell Wray and Watts Textbook see IM-164967 for book overview

Economic policy in an open economy

Geoff McDonnell

9

System Thinking and Modelling of Brgy. Irawan, PPC (Biophysical, Cultural and Economic Component)

Pia Mae Palay

ESI6550 Group 6

Trevor Case

BACKGROUND:

The following simulation model demonstrates the relationship between supply, demand and pricing within the real estate and housing world. I have based the model on a small city with a population of 100,000 residents as of 2015.

AXIS:

X-Axis

The X-Axis shows the time. It begins in 2015 in the month of October and continues for 36 consecutive years.

Y-Axis

There are 2 Y-Axis on this model. The left hand side relates to the price, demand, and supply, while the right hand side solely lists the population.

As you could see, this town has a population of 100,000 residents to-date. The bottom of the model shows a population loop that produces an exponential growth rate of 2.5%. This dynamic and growing city populates approximately 240,000 residents after 36 years.

MODEL

The model consists of 2 folders named: Buyers/Consumers & Suppliers/Producers. This first folder represents the 'Demand'. It includes a buyers growth rate, buyers interest increase and decrease, a price demand and the demand price. The formulas form an exponential rise in demand due to the rapid and continuous increase in population in this new city. As population increases, so does the demand from buyers.

The second folder conveys the supply of houses. It includes a sophisticated loop of real estate. Residents who own houses in the market decide to sell the home. This becomes the Houses for sale, also known as the 'supply'. Those houses are sold and the sold houses re-enter the market and the loop continues.

The supply has an inverse relationship with the price. When prices drop, supplies drop because the demand goes up. And when the price goes up, so does the supply. This will represent the growth of new houses in the market.

PRICE

Note: The price is based on monthly rent rates.

The price is dependant on many variables. Most importantly, the supply and demand. It also includes factors such as expectations & the economic value of the house. I have included a stable, 'good' economic value for all homes as this fictional town is in a stable and growing area.

Price fluctuates throughout the entire simulation, however it also goes up in price. Over the years houses continue to rise in price while they regularly fluctuate. For example, in 2018 (3 years later), the max price for a home was: $4254.7 and min price was: $852.98. On the other hand, in October 2051 (36 years later), the max price was: $14906 and the min price was: $7661. (This is based on the following data: Houses for Sale: 500, Houses that have sold: 100, Houses in the Market: 730).

SLIDERS

There are 3 sliders on the bottom that could be altered. The simulation would react accordingly. The 3 sliders include changeable data on:

- Houses for Sale.

- Houses that have Sold.

- Houses in the Market.

Real Estate Simulation Assignment - Mitchell Bassil 43290264

Mitchell Bassil

8

I made this insight to illustrate a piece of text from the regenerative economics textbook about the relationship between profit and social cohesion.

Impact of profit on social cohesion

Henny van Dongen

Economic capital with its reinforcing growth loop constrained by a renewable resource.

fig 43

Fatima Zehra Qazi

3 8 hours ago

Very basic stock-flow diagram of simple interest with table and graph output in interest, bank account and savings development per year. Initial deposit, interest rate, yearly deposit and withdrawal, and initial balance bank account can all be modified in Dutch.

Voorraad-stroom diagram - sparen - enkelvoudige interest

Henny van Dongen

In this Insight I focus on the demand site of the Market and Price model, leaving the supply side out.

Demand factors

Henny van Dongen

• This model examines how sustainable consumerism is from social, economic, and environmental aspects. The question in focus is "How will our second-hand clothing donations affect communities in developing countries, specifically Kenya?"

5 Stock Variables:

• U.S. Consumers

• Multinational Corporations

• Overseas Factories

• Kenya

Highlight Findings:

To sum up, there are 4 major problems associated to donations:

• 1. Source of problem is the consumer: Cheap deals attract hundreds of millions in revenue for fast fashion, and contribute to 100,000 tonnes of clothing to Kenya annually.

• 2. Rapid consumerism leads to over-utilization of slowly-renewable resources, such as water.

• 3. Nearly 96% of textiles jobs are eradicated by the massive inflow of clothing donations to Kenya.

• 4. The offshoring of textiles jobs enrages U.S. blue-collar workers, leading to the rise of protectionism.

Environmental, social, and economic sustainability aspects of textiles donations

Christina Cheung

A sample model for class discussion modeling COVID-19 outbreaks and responses from government with the effect on the local economy. Govt policy is dependent on reported COVID-19 cases, which in turn depend on testing rates less those who recover

Assumptions

Govt policy reduces infection and economic growth in the same way.

Govt policy is trigger when reported COVID-19 case are 10 or less.

A greater number of COVID-19 cases has a negative effect on the economy. This is due to economic signalling that all is not well.

Interesting insights

Higher testing rates seem to trigger more rapid government intervention, which reduces infectious cases. The impact on the economy though of higher detected cases though is negative.

Clone of Burnie COVID-19 outbreak demo model version 2

ching tung li

This is a toy model of tax policies.

The findings were presented at the 6th International Dijon Conference (2012) in a paper called 'Extended Circuit Theory: Modelling the Impact of Government Interventions'.

Tax Policies

Neil Lancastle