The Logistic Map is a polynomial mapping (equivalently, recurrence relation) of degree 2, often cited as an archetypal example of how complex, chaotic behaviour can arise from very simple non-linear dynamical equations. The map was popularized in a seminal 1976 paper by the biologist Robert May, in part as a discrete-time demographic model analogous to the logistic equation first created by Pierre François Verhulst.
Mathematically, the logistic map is writtenwhere:
is a number between zero and one, and represents the ratio of existing population to the maximum possible population at year n, and hence x0 represents the initial ratio of population to max. population (at year 0)r is a positive number, and represents a combined rate for reproduction and starvation.For approximate Continuous Behavior set 'R Base' to a small number like 0.125To generate a bifurcation diagram, set 'r base' to 2 and 'r ramp' to 1
To demonstrate sensitivity to initial conditions, try two runs with 'r base' set to 3 and 'Initial X' of 0.5 and 0.501, then look at first ~20 time steps
This system dynamics model visualises the impact on investment into policing and community engagement resources on the crime rates within the youth population of Bourke, NSW.
The model also adds in the variable of funding for safe houses. With a high rate of domestic violence, unfavorable home conditions and other socio-economic factors, many youth roam the streets with no safe place to go, which may lead to negative behaviour patterns.
Total youth population in 2016 for Bourke LGA was 646 (ages 10-29). (Census, 2016) Figures rounded to 700 for purposes of this model simulation.
Constants:
70% registration and engagement rates for Community funded programs
30% attendance rate for Safe Houses
50% crime conviction rate
Variables
Positive and Negative Influences
The model shows a number of key variables that lead youth to become more vunerable to commit a crime (such as alienation, coming from households with domestic violence, boredom and socio-economic disadvantages such as low income), as well as the variables that enhance the youth's likelihood to be a contributing member of the community (developing trusted relationships and connections with others, and having a sense of self worth, purpose and pride in the community). These factors (positive and negative) are aggregated to a single rate of 50% each for the purposes of the simulation, however each individual situation would be unique.
Police Funding / Resources
Police funding and resources means the number of active police officers attending to criminal activities, as well as prevention tactics and education programs to reduce negative behaviour. The slider can be moved to increase or decrease policing levels to view the impact on conviction rates. Current policing levels are approx 40 police to a population of under 3000 in Bourke.
Crime Rate
Youth crime rates in Australia were 3.33% (2016). Acknowledging Bourke crime rates are much higher than average, a crime rate of 40% is set initially for this model, but can be varied using the sliders.
Community Program Funding and Resources means money, facilities and people to develop and support the running of programs such as enhancing employability through mentorship and training, recreational sports and clubs, and volunteering opportunities to give back to the community. As engagement levels in the community programs increase, the levels of crime decrease. The slider can be moved to increase or decrease funding levels to view the impact on youth registrations into the community programs.
Observations
Ideally the simulations should show that an increase in police funding reduces crime rates over time, allowing for more youth committing crimes to be convicted and subsequently rehabilitated, therefore decreasing the overall levels of youth at risk.
A portion of those youth still at risk will move to the youth not at risk category through increased funding of safe houses (allowing a space for them to get out of the negative behaviour loop and away), whom them may consider registering into the community engagement programs. An increase in funding in community engagement programs will see more youth become more constructive members of the community, and that may in turn encourage youth at risk to seek out these programs as well by way of social and sub-cultural influences.
Population model where the population is summarized in four age groups (children, parents, older people, old people). Used as a base population model for dealing with issues such as employment, care for the elderly, pensions dynamics, etc.
I propose we grow this sim model (or similar) over time to help ourselves better understand the opposing investment and austerity strategies now being advocated for the U.S. government. The hope is to build as simple a model as possible that subsumes the major underlying feedback loops that probably exist in the mental models of proponents of each of these positions. Starting this model was inspired by this Investment vs. Austerity discussion http://www.linkedin.com/groups/Investment-vs-Austerity-How-can-4582801.S.157876413
Description
Model of Covid-19 outbreak in Burnie, Tasmania
This model was designed from the SIR model(susceptible, infected, recovered) to determine the effect of the covid-19 outbreak on economic outcomes via government policy.
Assumptions
The government policy is triggered when the number of infected is more than ten.
The government policies will take a negative effect on Covid-19 outbreaks and the financial system.
Parameters
We set some fixed and adjusted variables.
Covid-19 outbreak's parameter
Fixed parameters: Infection rate, Background disease, recovery rate.
Adjusted parameter: Immunity loss rate can be changed from vaccination rate.
Government policy's parameters
Adjusted parameters: Testing rate(from 0.15 to 0.95), vaccination rate(from 0.3 to 1), travel ban(from 0 to 0.9), social distancing(from 0.1 to 0.8), Quarantine(from 0.1 to 0.9)
Economic's parameters
Fixed parameter: Tourism
Adjusted parameter: Economic growth rate(from 0.3 to 0.5)
Interesting insight
An increased vaccination rate and testing rate will decrease the number of infected cases and have a little more negative effect on the economic system. However, the financial system still needs a long time to recover in both cases.
Overview:
Overall, this analysis showed a COVID-19 outbreak in Burnie, the government policies to curtail that, and some of the impacts it is having on the Burnie economy.
Variables
The simulation made use of the variables such as; Covid-19: (1): Infection rate. (2): Recovery rate. (3): Death rate. (4): Immunity loss rate etc.
Assumptions:
From the model, it is apparent that government health policies directly affect the economic output of Burnie. A better health policy has proven to have a better economic condition for Burnie and verse versa.
In the COVID-19 model, some variables are set at fixed rates, including the immunity loss rate, recovery rate, death rate, infection rate, and case impact rate, as this is normally influenced by the individual health conditions and social activities.
Moving forward, we decided to set the recovery rate to 0.7, which is a rate above the immunity loss rate of 0.5, so, the number of susceptible could be diminished over time.
Step 1: Try to set all value variables at their lowest point and then stimulate.
Outcome: the number of those Infected are– 135; Recovered – 218; Cases – 597; Death – 18,175; GDP – 10,879.
Step 2: Try to increase the variables of Health Policy, Quarantine, and Travel Restriction to 0.03, others keep the same as step 1, and simulate
Outcome: The number of those Infected – 166 (up); Recovered – 249 (up); Cases – 554 (down); Death – 18,077 (down); GDP – 824 (down).
With this analysis, it is obvious that the increase of health policy, quarantine, and travel restriction will assist in increase recovery rate, a decrease in confirmed cases, a reduction in death cases or fatality rate, but a decrease in Burnie GDP.
Step 3: Enlarge the Testing Rate to 0.4, variable, others, maintain the same as step 2, and simulate
Outcome: It can be seen that the number of Infected is down to – 152; those recovered down to – 243; overall cases up to – 1022; those that died down to–17,625; while the GDP remains – 824.
In this step, it is apparent that the increase of testing rate will assist to increase the confirmed cases.
Step 4: Try to change the GDP Growth Rate to 0.14, then Tourism Growth Rate to 0.02, others keep the same as step 3, and then simulate the model
Outcome: what happens is that the Infected number – 152 remains the same; Recovered rate– 243 the same; Number of Cases – 1022 (same); Death – 17,625 (same); but the GDP goes up to– 6,632.
This final step made it obvious that the increase of GDP growth rate and tourism growth rate will help to improve the overall GDP performance of Burnie's economy.
Projeto de investimentos , custos e viabilidade econômico de LCC
A planta foi dimensionada para produzir 9.000 Ton/ano da Resina usando o matéria prima
LCC , operando 24h/dia, durante os três turnos por 300 dias/anuais. O preço do produto de projeto de lcc
veja o prova html aula passados
1. Calcule o investimento em planta (If) usando o método rápido e investimento em
equipamento (Ie) baseado no método de lang. Admita valor de N e f1 de acordo com o fluxograma do processo.
Dados fornecidos: Entrada (alimentação)-sólido; Saída-líquido;
Equipamentos principais da produção: Destilador e fermentador.
2. Calcule o investimento fixo total pelo método chilton através das estimativas dos investimentos fixos diretos: Tubulação, instrumentação, estrutura física, planta de serviço e conexões entre unidades; e investimentos fixos indiretos. Tome como base o investimento em equipamentos.
veja dados na prova html simulados sobre fator chiltons , modelos de lang , decico , chiltons e dados na prova html
3. Calcule o custo de mão-de- obra direta e indireta baseando-se no fluxograma de processo , atualizando o valor salário mínimo e nos salários:
Valor do salário mínimo = R$180,00
Engenheiro químico = 10 salários mínimos
Operador industrial = 3 salários mínimos
Administração:
Gerente = 8 salários mínimos
Auxiliar de escritório = 3 salários mínimos
Secretária = 2 salários mínimos
Dados fornecidos: Considere os encargos sociais de 65% sobre o salário base. Mão-de- obra
indireta seja 20% da mão-de- obra direta. O custo de mão-de- obra indireta engloba
manutenção.
4. Calcule os custos fixos abaixo, baseando-se pelo método Sebrae:
Dados
4.1 Depreciação = 10%If
4.2 Manutenção = 3%If
4.3 Seguro = 1%If
4.4 Imposto = 2%If
5. Calcule o custo de consumo anual de matéria-prima de acordo com os dados , veja prova html a seguir
5.2 Calcule o custo unitário de matéria prima sendo 80% do valor do custo total anual da
matéria-prima. , dados , veja na link enunciados e prova html
6. Calcule os custos totais:
6.1 Encargos anuais
6.2 Administração = 0.6 (mão-de- obra direta + mão-de- obra indireta + encargos anuais)
6.3 Suprimentos = 0.15 (Manutenção)
6.4 Calcule os custos fixos
6.5 Calcule os custos variáveis
6.6 Calcule os custos variáveis
* Os custos fixos englobam administração
Custo variável = custo de matéria – prima + custo de utilitários + custo de suprimentos.
Custo de suprimentos é 10% da mão-de- obra direta.
Depreciação = 10% do investimento fixo.
7. Estimar o ponto de equilíbrio em quantidade e em porcentagem baseado em dados obtidos de custo variável unitário) e Custo fixo do problema 06.
8. Estime os itens da análise de investimento:
– Taxa de retorno de engenharia simples
– Tempo de retorno
– % de lucro em relação ao preço de venda
– Lucro após o imposto de renda
– Lucratividade
– Rentabilidade
– Fluxo de caixa
9. Estimar potencial econômico de projeto de perdas devido ao baixo rendimento de operação em nível de 90% de rendimento máximo em vez de 98%.
Dados de consumos de materiais e energia obtidos via uso de calculadora usando quiz html de modelos já apresentados aula passos
NOME E DESCRIÇÃO
LINK
TAMANHO
Prova1validacao.:Investimento Fixo e Tomada de Decisões Rápidas
https://canvas.instructure.com/courses/780776/files/folder/provahtml?preview=51184101
33 KB
Prova.2 Validacao .Investimento fixo método Lang
https://canvas.instructure.com/courses/780776/files/folder/provahtml?preview=5118414432 KB
Prova 3 :Investimento Fixo método Chilton
ihttps://canvas.instructure.com/courses/780776/files/folder/provahtml?preview=51184169
33 KB
Prova4:Custo Fixo
https://canvas.instructure.com/courses/780776/files/folder/provahtml?preview=5118418932 KB
Prova 5::Custo de mao de obra
customaohtm custo de mao de obra
33 KB
Prova 6 Validao : Custo de mat,comb e enegia
CustoMat prima , energia
34 KB
Prova 7 Custo total
custo de operacional de producao33 KB
Prova 8 Ponto deEquilibrio
ponto de eqilibrioibrio
32 KB
Prova 9:Analise de lucro e beneficios
Fluxo de caixa33 KB
