Rich picture version of causal loop diagram for medication errors, showing the importance of reporting, analyzing and fixing knowledge and process errors. Medication errors will tend to grow due to the use of more medications in more complex patients. This is exacerbated by the loss of staff knowledge by turnover and goal erosion in places with harmful errors.
An example of why it's so critical to understand where the boundaries are when considering a system. (developed from Eric Wolstenholme's Archetype examples by Gene Bellinger)
From NAP Toward Quality Measures for Population Health and the Leading Health Indicators Report with detailed Maternal Infant and Child Health Example Fig.3-5. Compare with WHO NCD Framework picture and IHI Whole system measures 2.0 (Added Nov 2016) See CLD conversion insight
Effect of rewards on the selection promotion and retirement of scholars in universities. Based on Geoffrey Brennan's Selection and the Currency of Reward chapter10 in The Theory of Institutional Design ed. RG Goodwin Cambridge University Press 1996 See also IM-2016
Incorporating organizational factors into Probabilistic Risk Assessment(PRA) of complex socio-technical systems: A hybrid technique formalization article. For more detail of the blue area see performance shaping factors Insight
Detail from Incorporating organizational factors into Probabilistic Risk Assessment(PRA) of complex socio-technical systems: A hybrid technique formalization article. See full overview at insight
BUilt on IM-12140 to illustrate Strategic (blue) Tactical (orange) and Operational (yellow) time scales of decisions affecting Regional Renal Services Performance, including Workforce. Also informed by IM-318 and IM-1003
Rich Picture CLD from Yaman Barlas and Hakan Yasarcan (2008) A Comprehensive Model of Goal Dynamics in Organizations:Setting, Evaluation and Revision in Complex Decision Making Theory and Practice H. Qudrat-Ullah J.M. Spector P.I. Davidsen (Eds.) Springer 2008 available online paper
Causal Loop Rich Picture unfolding from Repenning, N. and J. Sterman (2002). Capability Traps and Self-Confirming Attribution Errors in the Dynamics of Process Improvement. Administrative Science Quarterly, 47: 265 - 295. http://jsterman.scripts.mit.edu/docs/Repenning-2002-CapabilityTraps.pdf